Russian
& East German Documents on Ethiopia and the Horn of Africa, 1977-78
Soviet
Ambassador to Ethiopia A.P. Ratanov, Memorandum of Conversation with Mengistu,
7 August 1977
From
the journal of TOP SECRET
A. P. RATANOV
Copy no. 2
16
August 1977
re:
no. 292
Record
of Conversation
with
the Head of the PMAC
MENGISTU
HAILE MARIAM
7
August 1977
I visited Mengistu Haile Mariam (Legesse Asfaw,
member of the Permanent Committee of the PMAC, also took part in the conversation).
1. In accordance with my instructions from the
Center [Moscow], I informed Mengistu about the measures taken by the Soviet
leadership in support of Ethiopia.
Mengistu requested that I convey his deep gratitude
to the Soviet leadership and personally to L.I. Brezhnev for the information
about these measures. We deeply trust the Soviet Union, he said, and
are relying on its future support, since the situation in the border regions
of Ethiopia is becoming more and more complicated. Somalia continues
daily to bomb the cities of Dolo and Barre [sic]. There are Somali troops
in the western Ogaden and we are now observing the movement of Somali units
into the northern part of this region. Ethiopian troops have seized
arms which appear to be NATO arms. According to certain, as yet unverified
information, the French have begun use their aircraft to deliver French arms
to Mogadishu. The Sudan, Egypt, and Saudi Arabia, under the cover of
Eritrean separatist organizations, are transferring their detachments and
arms into Eritrea. Sudan is supplying the separatists with American
arms as well as arms they have recently received from the People's Republic
of China.
Our struggle, Mengistu underscored, has the nature
of a class struggle, and we are doing all we can to defend the revolution
and to bring it to a victorious conclusion. At the same time, taking
into account that the Ethiopian revolution is just a part of the larger revolutionary
struggle, Mengistu continued, I feel a need to continue the consultations
with Comrade L.I. Brezhnev which began in May of this year. I likewise
appealed, he noted at the same time, with a letter to Comrades Fidel Castro
and Erich Honecker in which I proposed that I meet with them in Berlin in
the hope that together we might travel to Moscow to meet with Comrade L.I.
Brezhnev in order to discuss in greater detail the situation in the interior
and exterior of Ethiopia.
Mengistu did not answer the question of the Soviet
Ambassador as to whether the current situation would allow him to leave the
country. He confined himself to the remark that the old machinery of
State required replacement[;] however, the PMAC was currently not yet in a
position to do this due to the lack of revolutionary cadres, etc....
In the course of further conversation Mengistu
asked [us] to examine the possibility of offering assistance likewise in fortifying
the region of the Red Sea coast (supplying coastal batteries).
Mengistu likewise spoke out in favor of sending
a Soviet military delegation to Ethiopia in the immediate future in order
to strengthen contacts between the armed forces of the two countries in accordance
with the previously approved plan of exchanges in the area of the military.
In his opinion, an Ethiopian military delegation might visit the Soviet Union
with the goal of familiarizing themselves later, when the military situation
had been stabilized.
2. [I] carried out my instructions regarding the
question of the Soviet-Ethiopian negotiations on opening a direct sea route
between the ports of the Soviet Union and Ethiopia.
Mengistu spoke in favor of the opening of such
a route and of concluding an agreement on this issue as well as on the issue
of an intergovernmental agreement on shipping.
3. [I] carried out my instructions regarding the
question of the Republic of South Africa's impending nuclear arms testing.
Mengistu welcomed the Soviet Government initiative on this issue (TASS announcement).
At the same time he remarked that at the last OAU [meeting], Ethiopia had
proposed to include on the agenda for the Assembly the issue of the threat
of the creation of a nuclear arsenal in the Republic of South Africa with
the assistance of Western powers; however, the bloc of the so-called Francophone
countries rejected the Ethiopian proposal. At the current time, said
Mengistu, it is imperative that the socialist and progressive African countries
develop a campaign to prevent the fortification of the military power of the
Republic of South Africa which threatens all of Africa.
In conclusion, Mengistu requested once again that
we convey his gratitude to the Soviet leadership and to Comrade L.I. Brezhnev.
AMBASSADOR
OF THE USSR
TO
SOCIALIST ETHIOPIA
/s/
A.RATANOV/
[Source:
TsKhSD, f. 5, op. 73, d. 1636, ll. 102-104.]
